Use of cyclodextrin removes arterial plaque thereby reducing coronary artery disease and balances cholesterol blood work.

What is cyclodextrin and what does it do?

Cyclodextrin is a cone like structure, the outside is water soluble and inside is lipid soluble. The outside allows cyclodextrin to be absorbed and the inside attracts the cholesterol. Cyclodextrin then plucks cholesterol molecules out of the bloodstream and cell membrane.

As cyclodextrin contacts the cell membrane and cholesterol is removed, the body now mobilizes intracellular cholesterol from cholesterol stores to replace cholesterol in the cell membrane. Routinely cholesterol diffuses in and out of the cell membrane and cyclodextrin speeds up the process.

This process causes lipid droplets in the artery wall to begin to dissolve. Activated foam cells and macrophages within the atherosclerotic plaque take up the cyclodextrin which begins to dissolve crystalline cholesterol.

What to do about crystalline cholesterol and subsequent oxysterols

Crystalline cholesterol is problematic as it gives rise to oxidative inflammatory stress. It also leads to plaque destabilization. Cyclodextrin dissolves not only the lipid droplets but also the crystalline cholesterol. When crystalline cholesterol dissolves, you create a class of molecules called oxysterols.

Mother nature doesn’t like to see these oxysterols in the artery wall, and we begin to generate cholesterol extrusion pumps. They are called ABC-A1 and ABC-G1. These are enzymes that pump cholesterol out of the artery wall.

As we dissolve lipid droplets and crystalline cholesterol and we initiate the pumping of cholesterol out of the artery wall, they are bound up by HDL and taken to the liver and then out through the urine. This rapidly stimulates reverse cholesterol transport.

Regardless of the process of how the plaque began to build up, we are pulling cholesterol out of the artery wall. The process of doing this also turns off inflammation and oxidative stress. Endothelial function, or the ability of the artery wall to produce nitric oxide which allows the inside of the artery to have a Teflon coating  to protect against plaque activation and deposition.

When we remove cholesterol from the artery wall we turn on the enzyme nitric oxide synthase which then makes nitric oxide. We have seen a rapid increase in biochemical benefit and a slow but steady decrease in plaque volume. This protocol also decreases carotid artery bulb plaque.

Origins of why cyclodextrins might remove cholesterol and arterial plaque

The use of cyclodextrin was first found to be effective for those with Niemann-Pick disease. It is a rare genetic disorder in children who have a lipid storage disorder that because of a lack of an enzyme specific to lipid removal, a buildup of harmful amounts of lipids occurs in various cells results in an inability to remove lipids from various cells. Without this enzyme, cholesterol cannot be moved from one cell compartment to another and then fully out of certain tissues and then the body. This build-up of cholesterol (in the brain, liver and spleen) is deadly and the children die very young.

Use of cyclodextrin in these children allowed them to survive. These results then suggested studies to determine if use of cyclodextrin removes arterial plaque thereby reducing coronary artery disease and possibly balancing cholesterol levels.

Links About Cyclodextrins

Molecular mechanism of cyclodextrin mediated cholesterol extraction

Rationale for Therapeutic Use of Lipid Transport Mediators in Renal Disease

Local TNF causes NFATc1-dependent cholesterol-mediated podocyte injury.

Systemic and renal lipids in kidney disease development and progression

Metabolism, energetics, and lipid biology in the podocyte – cellular cholesterol-mediated glomerular injury.

Lipid biology of the podocyte–new perspectives offer new opportunities.

Renal lipid metabolism and lipotoxicity.

Cyclodextrins and Non-renal Diseases

Cyclodextrin promotes atherosclerosis regression via macrophage reprogramming.

Weekly Treatment of 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin Improves Intracellular Cholesterol Levels in LDL Receptor Knockout Mice.

Beta cyclodextrins bind, stabilize, and remove lipofuscin bisretinoids from retinal pigment epithelium.

Neuroprotection by cyclodextrin in cell and mouse models of Alzheimer disease.

Cyclodextrins and Renal Disease

Cyclodextrin Protects Podocytes in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)

Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin protects from kidney disease in experimental Alport syndrome and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

Cyclodextrin improves renal function in experimental alport syndrome.

Cyclodextrin protects podocytes in diabetic kidney disease.

 

Many thanks to my cardiologist, Dr. James Roberts, for this video which I have loosely transcribed into the above document. By doing so, I am able to learn the information more effectively. Some of us learn better by reading, some by watching!

 

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